What is a UTI?
A urinary tract infection (UTI) is a bacterial infection that affects the urinary tract. It can be a Lower UTI (which affects the bladder and/or the urethra) or it can be an Upper UTI (which affects the kidneys and/or the ureters).
What causes a UTI?
Most UTIs are caused by bacteria called E. coli that is found in the intestines and anus. Normally the urine contains no bacteria and is considered sterile. When bacteria get the opportunity to enter the bladder through the urethra, they can reproduce rapidly in the urine, and that leads to a UTI. Sometimes the bacteria in the bladder can also travel to one or both of the kidneys and cause a kidney infection, also known as pyelonephritis.
Why do females get UTIs more than males?
Women are significantly more likely to develop a UTI than men. This is because women have a shorter urethra, making the distance for bacteria to travel to the bladder shorter, and the chances for an infection traveling to the bladder greater. A woman’s urethra opening (where the urine comes out) is also much closer to the anus (where bacteria live) than a man’s. This makes it easier for bacteria to enter the urethra from the anus.
What are the symptoms of a UTI?
Symptoms of a Lower UTI include cloudy or odorous urine; blood in urine; urinating more often than usual; difficulty holding the urine; discomfort and sometimes pain or burning when urinating; lower back pain; and pressure in the lower abdomen. Symptoms of an Upper UTI include fever of over 100 degrees Fahrenheit; chills; nausea; vomiting; diarrhea; pain on the sides, upper back or groin; and any UTI symptoms.
How are UTIs treated?
UTIs are generally easily and effectively treated with a short course of antibiotics that lasts from 3 to 7 days. Kidney infections need a longer course of antibiotics that lasts from 7 to 14 days. If the kidney infection is serious then going to the ER may be required.
What are the possible complications of a UTI?
With prompt and proper treatment, the chances of complications are miniscule. However, untreated UTIs can eventually lead to acute or chronic kidney infections, resulting in possibly permanent kidney damage.
How can I help prevent a UTI?
Fluids help to prevent a UTI; drink plenty of water and drink cranberry juice to prevent bacteria from multiplying in the urine. Do not hold urine in – go when you need to go. Urinate before and after having sex. Wipe your bottom from front to back after having a bowel movement. Females, avoid irritating feminine products such as deodorant sprays, douches, scented soaps and powders that can irritate the urethra.
If you think you might have a UTI, please feel free to call us at Student Health Services (860-768-6601) to make an appointment today.